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Of all India’s states, Bihar is the one most intimately
linked to the Buddha’s life, resulting in a trail of pilgrimages
which have come to be known as the Buddhist circuit. The
very name Bihar is derived from the world ’vihara’, which
means Buddhist monastery. The Buddhist trail begins at
the capital city, Patna, where a noteworthy museum contains
a collection of Hindu and Buddhist sculptures. To the
south of Patna is Nalanda which translates as ’the place
that confers the lotus’ (of spiritual knowledge). A monastic
university flourished here from the 5th to the 11th century.
Rajgir, ‘the royal palace’, was the venue for the first
Buddhist Council. The Buddha spent five years at Rajgir
after having attained enlightenment, and many of the remains
at Rajgir commemorate various incidents. Bodhgaya is the
spot where Lord Buddha attained enlightenment, with the
Mahabodhi Temple marking the precise location. Bihar’s
Buddhist circuit has modest back-up facilities by way
of accommodation, international dining and surface transport. |
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| Patna |
Patna once called Pataliputra the capital of Bihar, is
among the world's oldest capital cities with unbroken
history of many centuries as imperial metropolis. A very
fertile arched stretch of land along the bank of the Ganga,
the history and heritage of modern day Patna go back well
over two millennia. It was Ajatshatru the Magadha king
who first built a small fort in Pataligram on the bank
of the Ganga in 6th century BC, which later blossomed
into the ancient glory still to be seen in the neighbouring
archaeological sites at Kumrahar. Bhiknapahari, Agamkuan,
Bulandi Bagh |
| and Kankar Bagh. Pataliputra
dominated the political fortunes of the whole of north
India between 6th century BC and 5th century AD, a fact
established by archaeological excavations. After the decline
of the Mughals, the British too found Patna a convenient
regional capital and built a modern extension to this
ancient city and called it Bankipore. It was in Gandhi
Maidan in this area that Mahatma Gandhi held his prayer
meetings. |
Altitude:
53 metres. Temperature (degree C): Summer-
Max. 43, Min. 21. Winter - Max. 20, Min. 6. Rainfall:
120 cms. Clothing: Summer- Cottons, Winter-
Heavy Woolens. Best Season: October to
March. |
Places Of Interest:
Kumrahar, Golghar, Har Mandir Takht, Martyrs’ memorial,
Pathar ki Masjid, Sher Shah Suri Masjid, Khuda Baksh Oriental
Library, Patna museum, Jalan museum, Sadaqat Ashram, Maner,
Padri ki Haveli, Biological Park, Patna Yoga Vidyalaya,
Quila House (Museum), Laxmi Narayan Temple, Pathar-Ki-Masjid,
Sanjay Gandhi Biological Park, Rajendra Museum, Gandhi
Museum. |
Excursions:
Maner- 29 kms, Sasaram- 148 kms, Sonepur- 25 kms, Vaishali-
56 kms, Nalanda- 90 kms, Rajgir- 102 kms, Gaya- 174 kms,
Bodhgaya- 179 kms. |
Reach -
By Air: Connected with Bombay, Calcutta, Delhi,
Lucknow, Ranchi.
By Rail: Connected to Bombay,
Calcutta, Guwahati, Ranchi, Varanasi.
By Road:
Nalanda- 90 kms, Rajgir- 102 kms, Pawapuri- 90 kms, Gaya-
172 kms, Bodhgaya- 179 kms, Raxaul- 210 kms, Ranchi- 335
kms, Muzzafarpur- 72 kms, Sasaram- 152 kms, Vaishali-
56 kms, Calcutta- 653 kms, Delhi- 997 kms. |
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| Vaishali |
Vaishali today is a small village known for its historical
past. The epic Ramayana tells the story of the heroic
King Vishal who ruled here. Historians maintain that one
of the world's first democratic republics with an elected
assembly of representatives flourished here in the 6th
century. Vaishali, on the left bank of the Gandak river,
is spiritually supreme : Lord Buddha visited this place
frequently and at Kolhua, close by, preached his last
sermon. One of the famous lion pillars have been erected
here by Emperor Ashoka. A hundred years after the |
| Mahaparinirvana of the
Buddha - Vaishali hosted the second great Buddhist council.
Jainism, too, has its origins in Vaishali, for in 527
B.C., Lord Mahavir was born here and lived in Vaishali
till he was 22. Vaishali is then twice blessed and remains
an important pilgrim centre for both Buddhists and Jains
and other religions also. |
Altitude:
52 metres. Temperature: (Max./Min.)
Summer 44 Deg C/21 Deg C. Winter 23 Deg C/6 Deg C. Rainfall:
120 cms. Best Season: October
to March. |
Places Of Interest:
Ashoka Pillar at Kolhua, Buddha Stupa I, Buddha Stupa
II, Raja Vishal Ka Ghar, Coronation Tank, Museum, Bawan
Pokhar Temple and Harikatora Temple, Miranji Ka Durgah,
Kundupur. |
Excursions:
The Jain Prakrit Institute offers a place of study for
researchers interested in Jainology an Prakrit, one of
the spoken languages of Northern India in ancient times. |
Reach -
By Air: Nearest airport is Patna, connected to
Bombay, Calcutta, Delhi, Ranchi and Lucknow.
By
Rail: Nearest railhead is Hajipur.
By Road:
Patna- 55 kms, Muzaffarpur- 36 kms and Hajipur- 35 kms. |
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| Baidyanath
Dham (Deoghar) |
Baidyanath Dham situated in the Santhal Parganas of Bihar,
is a very important pilgrim Centre. It's famous for the
Hindus for the temple of Shiva-Baidyanath and the place
is a popular holiday Centre. |
Temperature
(deg C): Summer- Max 36.9, Min 23. Winter - Max 27.7,
Min 7.4. Best Season: October to February. |
Places Of Interest
& Excursions:
Baidyanath Temple, Nandan Pahar, Naulakha Mandir, Satsang
Ashram, Tapovan, Basakinath Temple, Harila Joria, Trikut,
Bihar State Handloom Emporium, Santhal Parganas Gramodyog
Samittee, Santhal Parganas Khadi Gramodyog Bhavan, Balanand
Ashram Yogashala, Karnibagh. |
Reach -
By Air: Nearest Railway Station is Baidyanath Dham
(Deoghar) which is a terminal station of a 7 kms branch
line originating from Jasidih Jn.
By Rail:
Calcutta- 373 kms, Giridih- 112 kms, Patna- 281 kms, Dumka-
67 kms, Madhupur- 57 kms, Shimultala- 53 kms. |
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| Gaya |
Bihar has some of the most sacred Buddhist and Hindu shrines.
Gaya is one of the most important pilgrimage places for
the Hindus. It is believed that a Hindu will reach heaven
if his last rites are offered under the celebrated ’Akshayabat’
or immortal banyan tree, standing in the yard of Vishnupad
temple. Believed to be built on the footsteps of Vishnu,
the grand temple was renovated by Ahalyabai, queen of
Indore. |
| Excursions: Brahma,
Deo, Barabar caves, Pawapuri, Parasnath hill, Call of
the hills, Ranchi, Hazaribagh, Netarhat, Palamau, Jamshedpur,
Damodar Valley, Dhanbad, Bhagalpur, Monghyr. |
Reach - Gaya
is an important railway junction. |
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| Bodhgaya |
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Bodhgaya is one of the sacred places for the Buddhists
as well as for the Hindus. Here under the Bodhi Tree,
Gautama attained supreme knowledge to become Budhha, the
`Enlighted One'. The Buddha attained enlightenment in
Bodhgaya, under the Bodhi tree which still stands in the
temple premises. The magnificent Mahabodhi temple in Bodhgaya
is an architectural amalgamation of many centuries cultures
and many heritages that came to pay their homage here.
The temple definitely has architecture of the Gupta and
later ages, inscriptions describing visits of pilgrims
from Sri Lanka, Myanmar and China between 7th and 10th
century AD. |
Altitude:
113 metres. Climate (deg c): Summer-
Max.47, Min.28. Winter- Max.28, Min.4. Rainfall:
186 cms ( Mid. June to Mid. September ). Best
Season: October to March. |
Places Of Interest:
Mahabodhi Temple, Animeshlocan Chaiyata, Mohanta's Monastery,
Ratnagar, Archaeological Museum, Tibetan Monastery, Thai
Temple & Monastery, International Buddhist House &
Japanese Temple, Buddhist Monastery of Bhutan, The Burmese
Temple, The Chinese Temple & Monastery. |
Excursions:
Dungeshwari- 12 kms, Muchalinda Lake- 3 kms, Gaya- 12
kms, Majadha University- 3.2 kms. |
Reach -
By Air: Nearest airport is Gaya- 12 kms. Patna
is connected to Bombay, Calcutta, Delhi, Ranchi &
Lucknow.
By Rail: The nearest railhead is Gaya-
12 kms.
By Road: Gaya- 12 kms, Nalanda- 62
kms, Rajgir- 46 kms, Patna- 152 kms, Varanasi- 215 kms,
Calcutta- 482 kms. |
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| Nalanda |
Founded in the 5th century A.D. Nalanda is known as the
ancient seat of learning. World's most ancient University
lies in ruins which is 62 kms from Bodhgaya and 90 kms
south of Patna. Emperor Ashoka built many monasteries,
temples and Viharas here. Hiuen Tsang stayed here in 7th
century and has left detailed description of the excellence
of education and purity of monastic life practiced here.
In this first residential international university of
the world, 2,000 teachers and 10,000 students from all
over the Buddhist world lived and studied here. The Gupta
kings |
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| patronised these monasteries,
built in old Kushan architectural style, in a row of cells
around a courtyard. Ashoka and Harshavardhana were some
of its most celebrated patrons. An international Centre
for Buddhist Studies was established here in 1951. Nearby
is Bihar Sharif, where an annual urs is celebrated at
the Dargah or tomb of Malik Ibrahim Baya. Baragaon, The
Sun temple is famous for Chhath puja. |
Altitude:
67 metres. Temperature (deg
C): Summer- Max. 37.8, Min. 17.8. Winter- Max.27.8, Min.10.6.
How to plan your tours:
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offer India Buddhist tourism guide for Bihar-Sanchi
and South/North India, Indian Buddhist pilgrimage sectors,
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tours please visit
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a tour of your choice. Mail us your queries at: sales@india-tourism.net |
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